Connection id: 8
Current database: test
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.0.45-community-nt MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: localhost via TCP/IP
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
Client characterset: gbk
Conn. characterset: gbk
TCP port: 3306
Uptime: 7 hours 39 min 19 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 174 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 57 Flush tables: 1 Open ta
bles: 1 Queries per second avg: 0.006
--------------
查看mysql发现Server characterset，Db characterset的字符集设成了latin1，所以出现中文乱码。

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| users |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

更改表的字符集。
mysql> alter table users character set GBK;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

查看表的结构：
mysql> show create users;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that
corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'users
' at line 1
mysql> show create table users;
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table
|
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| users | CREATE TABLE `users` (
`userid` int(11) default NULL,
`username` char(20) character set latin1 default NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk |
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc users;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| userid | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| username | char(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

这时向表中插入中文然后有错误。
mysql> insert into users values(88,'中文');
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xD6\xD0\xCE\xC4' for column 'usern
ame' at row 1
mysql> insert into users values(88,'中文');
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xD6\xD0\xCE\xC4' for column 'usern
ame' at row 1

还要更改users表的username的字符集。
mysql> alter table users modify username char(20) character set gbk;
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xC0\xEE\xCB\xC4' for column 'usern
ame' at row 1
mysql> alter table users modify username char(20) character set gbk;
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xC0\xEE\xCB\xC4' for column 'usern
ame' at row 1

因为表中已经有数据，所以更改username字符集的操作没有成***
清空users表中的数据
mysql> truncate table users;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)

从新更改user表中username的字符集
mysql> alter table users modify username char(20) character set gbk;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

这时再插入中文字符，插入成***。
mysql> insert into users values(88,'中文');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from users;
+--------+----------+
| userid | username |
+--------+----------+
| 88 | 中文 |
+--------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>