private static List<String> getRetain(List<String> ... lists ){
        if(lists == null){
            return null;
        }
        ArrayList<List<String>> arrayList = new ArrayList<>(lists.length);
        int index=0;
        int flagSize=0;
        int minIndex=0;
        for(List<String> s:lists){
            if(index == 0){
                flagSize = s.size();
            }else{
                if(flagSize>=s.size()){
                    flagSize = s.size();
                    minIndex = index;
                }
            }
            arrayList.add(s);
            index ++;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < arrayList.size(); i++) {
            List<String> list = arrayList.get(i);
            // 去除空集合
            if (list == null || list.size() == 0) {
                arrayList.remove(list);
                i-- ;
            }
        }
        if(arrayList.size() == 0){
            return null;
        }
        List<String> intersection = arrayList.get(minIndex);

        // 就只有一个非空集合，结果就是他
        if(arrayList.size() == 1){
            return intersection;
        }
        arrayList.remove(minIndex);
        // 有多个非空集合，直接挨个交集
        for (int i = 0; i <= arrayList.size()-1; i++) {

            intersection.retainAll(arrayList.get(i));
        }
        return intersection;

    }
public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> l1 = new ArrayList<>();
        l1.add("q");
        l1.add("d");
        l1.add("c");

        List<String> l2 = new ArrayList<>();
        l2.add("a");
        l2.add("c");
        l2.add("v");
        l2.add("b");

        List<String> l3 = new ArrayList<>();
        l3.add("a");
        l3.add("c");

        List<String> l4 = new ArrayList<>();
        System.out.println("l3,l1------>"+getRetain(l3,l1));
        System.out.println("l1,l3------>"+getRetain(l1,l3));
        System.out.println("l1,l2,l3--->"+getRetain(l1,l2,l3));
        System.out.println("l2,l3------>"+getRetain(l2,l3));
        System.out.println("l3,l2------>"+getRetain(l3,l2));
        System.out.println("l4,l1------>"+getRetain(l4,l1));
        System.out.println("l1,l4,l3--->"+getRetain(l1,l4,l3));
    }

返回结果: 

l3,l1------>[c]
l1,l3------>[c]
l1,l2,l3--->[c]
l2,l3------>[c]
l3,l2------>[c]
l4,l1------>[q, d, c]
l1,l4,l3--->[c]